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New interregional lines can also maintain electricity reliability during extreme weather. This type of overlay would be the type of wise investment the AJP would stimulate, providing new jobs, lower energy costs, and healthier air. climate goals in line with the Paris Agreement, these designs delivered tens of billions in net savings. With the kind of aggressive deployment of wind and solar required to meet U.S. With conservative assumptions about the future evolution of the grid, modelled designs provided billions in net benefits. to share energy resources just like the PDCI currently helps states on the Pacific coast. These interregional overlay designs would allow the continental U.S. Macrogrid (a nationwide HVDC transmission network) is built and additional AC transmission and generation are cooptimized to minimize system costs. One of several transmission designs (D3: Macrogrid) studied in NREL's 'Interconnection Seam Study.'. NRELвЂ™s October 2020 вЂњ Interconnections Seam Study,вЂќ looking at the cost and benefits of various design configurations of long high-voltage AC and DC lines, found they would create billions in savings. The benefits of interregional transmission are also multiplied as we clean up the gridвЂ™s generation mix with clean energy. Inter-regional transmission delivers economic and reliability benefits And these are not just make-work projects to create millions of jobs, investing in inter-regional transmission is a no-regrets strategy creating positive cost benefit ratios under all conceivable scenarios.

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Federal support is essential to continuing this legacy, and we must make DC a full part of the national development strategy as proposed by President BidenвЂ™s AJP.Дozens of immediate opportunities exist to promote DC network development across the country, but time is of the essence. The PDCI, however, was a starting point and inspirational example, and should not be a one-off.

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The 1989 PDCI upgrade from 1 GW to 3 GW endorsed the value of this technological choice and involved further innovation in the field. When President Kennedy authorized these infrastructure projects, high voltage DC lines were a new technology with a core U.S.-Sweden collaboration. By contrast, DC lines like the PCDI offer an extremely valuable direct вЂњbackboneвЂќ for the continental scale electricity grid. Surplus electricity travels along every possible path to where it will be used, making the system very inefficient if it overloads some lines and disrupts the flow other generators, such as during the extreme heatwaves of August 2020. (Photo by Christopher Morris/Corbis via Getty Images) Corbis via Getty ImagesДЄC networks mostly manage flows throughout the whole system by turning generators up and down, which means operators cannot completely control exactly where and how power flows. The Nevada-California section of the Pacific DC Intertie, c operated by the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, provided 3 gigawatts (GWs) of assets during the August 2020 heat waves when local generation couldnвЂ™t run full tilt to meet all the extra electricity demand. Second, these projects provide substantial reliability benefits by knitting together Western electric networks and allowing states to lean on each other in times of need. The lesser-known California-Oregon Intertie (COI) and Pacific DC Intertie (PDCI) вЂ“ massive AC and DC transmission lines connecting the Pacific Northwest with Southern California вЂ“ stem from a federally driven partnership developed during the Kennedy administration (Congress authorized the Federal Aid Highway Act in 1956 and funded the interties in 1964).ДЄccording to President Kennedy, these projects would вЂњplan for further national cooperative pooling of electric power, both public and private and to enlarge such pooling as now exists.вЂќ Today these multi-hundred-mile transmission projects benefit the grid two main ways: First, they allow surplus clean energy from hydropower dams in the Northwest to flow to consumers in the South, reducing electricity costs for consumers on both ends. Reviewing the history of federal transmission co-investments with public and private partners backs up these extraordinary claims about the nationвЂ™s long-term economic health.

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